"Skiing Bible: Essential Tips Every Skier Must Read"

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~Fall in love with skiing—start by hitting the slopes~

A. Attire

Boots should fit properly—your usual size will do just fine.
Shinbone, heel, and instep—feeling neither compressed nor loose, yet firmly held in place.
Toes can move slightly, and the ankle is mildly flexed—creating a seamless connection between the boot and the foot.
When walking on snow, maintain a moderate pace and land on the heel of your boots first.
First, hold the ski poles; then step into the skis, placing both skis flat on the ground.
When attaching the pendant, start from the bottom and move upward—align the leather base with the palm of your hand.
Check before boarding, and lift the rear stabilizer.
Place the foot into the stabilizer, align it, and then press down on the heel from the rear groove.
You must hear the "snap" sound as the snow boots snugly click into place.
Fixed intensity is adjustable—beginners, be careful not to tighten it too much when first learning (3–4 is sufficient).
Snow poles help maintain balance on both sides, while the feet glide forward and backward on the board.
Don't rush after getting dressed—warm up your body first, then start practicing.

B. Basic Posture
Snowboard parallel, shoulders shoulder-width apart, with the upper body upright and slightly leaning forward.
Keep your center of gravity low and stable—no wobbling allowed—while your knees remain flexible, gently pushing forward.
Engage your core, gently lift your hips, and gaze straight ahead about 10 meters.
Firmly plant your skis, with your forefeet bearing your weight.
Hands slightly abducted to waist height, shoulders relaxed as the pole is lifted.
Smiling without tension, nerves relaxed yet muscles taut.
Avoid bending your waist and sitting back; keep your calves stiff and avoid pushing forward with them.

C. Basic Seven Exercises
Practice circling and walking—alternating between turning left, right, and moving sideways.
Don't let the front and back boards cross—keep your stride small and the boards parallel.
Don’t struggle when you lose your balance—just go with the flow and glide naturally.
Second practice: Perform an in-place 180° turn, alternating left and right.
Two sticks supporting the body from the front side, with the left leg lifted forward and held straight.
Upper body, legs, and board turn to the left, with the board tip twisting backward against the body.
When landing on the board, shift your weight forward; turn the right edge to the left, positioning yourself parallel.
Practice falling and getting up three times to avoid collisions and turn potential hazards into safe situations.

Two key principles for falling safely:
Quickly lower your hips and sit sideways, facing downhill to prevent rolling.
Slide downward naturally, keeping your feet, board, arms, and poles lifted.

Three key points for the standing-up movement:
Sitting sideways on the snow, facing downward, with both skis tucked neatly beneath the hips;
Double-edged (mountain-side) parallel cuts through the snow surface, while the ski board rolls perpendicularly along the fall line;
Use your hands or ski poles for support—first squat down, then stand back up.
Four practices—on snow, you can both walk and glide, gradually getting used to it by starting with walking before transitioning to sliding.
--- With skis tilted forward, the skier glides by alternating pressure between the two skis on the snow;
Stay balanced and move in a straight line—bend your front leg while keeping the back leg taut, and gently press your knees forward.
The ski poles push forward with the arms, with the fulcrum positioned parallel to the ball of the foot.
When cross-country skiing, extend your arms forward and plant the poles slightly ahead of your body, pushing backward for propulsion.
Lean forward, bend your knees, and lower your body—shift your center of gravity as you retrieve the ski poles.
Lift one foot to practice snowboarding—slide forward with one board firm and the other slightly off the ground.
Practice the snow-and-ice push-off five times—step off the board with one foot, then push with the other.
The board tip opens into a "V" shape (about 45°), with knees slightly bent and the body leaning forward.
The center of gravity shifts toward the pushing leg, with the leg extending while the knee turns inward on its edge.
The snowboarding direction is perpendicular to the glide (at a right angle to the sliding motion), while the edge-out direction follows the center of gravity.
Quickly retract the board after pushing off—don’t land and immediately extend it forward (off the board).
Reach for the landing while gliding, then follow with a side push after the glide.
Keep your center of gravity moving swiftly—shift your body forward before pushing off.
Shift your weight back and forth between the two boards, engaging your hips to follow through with your upper body.
Six rounds on the slope—standing firm, to maintain balance.
A two-board vertical "roll-down line," with the upper edge (outer edge) and lower edge (inner edge) embedded into the mountain terrain;
Press the lower leg and knee inward toward the snow surface, keeping the lower leg firm while the upper leg remains relaxed, with your body leaning slightly downhill.
Shoulder, hips, and upper body twist downward (toward the mountain), while the inside edge of the lower blade supports the center of gravity.
Practice walking uphill on a slope, moving sideways and in reverse eights as you ascend.

Five Key Points for Sideways Hill Climbing:
Snowboarder on a vertical "roll-off line," with the upper body upright and boards parallel.
Support with the inner (blade) facing inward and the outer (blade) facing outward, alternating to shift the center of gravity.
The side step shouldn't be too wide—use your poles on both sides to maintain balance.
Weight is distributed on the balls of the feet, with knees slightly bent and gently pushing forward;
Press your knees and hips upward toward the "mountain," while twisting your lower back and shoulders downward, away from the "mountain."

Eight-Character Key Points for Climbing a Slope:
The body faces the "rollover line," forming a head-wide, tail-narrow inverted figure-eight shape.
Knees internally rotated, edges firmly planted—driving into the snow and pushing outward;
Snow poles take turns behind, while the skis alternate in pushing off and gliding forward.

D. Downhill
1. Straight Descending (With skis parallel, sliding straight down along the "roll-off line")
Adjust the snow poles for support, keeping the shoulder boards parallel to the wider board.
Align downward with the "roll-off line," keeping your head up as you look straight ahead.
Tibial micro-pressure boot front shell, with the upper body relaxed and leaning forward.
Shoulders and arms relaxed, arms extended forward, knees slightly bent, body in a slight squatting position.
The snow poles naturally split on both sides, with the balls of both feet bearing the body's weight.

Exercise:

Change your posture—high, medium, or low—and shift your center of gravity forward, backward, left, and right.
Inside edge, outside edge—searching back and forth, gliding one stroke, lifting the next.
Two boards step sideways in sequence, maintaining the same direction with the boards running parallel.
Once you've mastered it, add a jump—first practicing by lifting your heels off the snow surface.
Master the full-board takeoff—remember to lean your body forward!

2. Figure-Eight Downhill (also known as Plow Turn—this refers to the technique of skiing downhill in a straight line with the snowboard shaped like an "8")
Use the Eight-Character Deceleration Technique to Control Sliding—7 Key Principles for the Movement:
The tail spreads outward simultaneously, forming an eight-shaped pattern that is narrow at the head and wide at the tip;
Knees slightly bent and gently turned inward, with the inner edge firmly planted and embedded in the snow.
Control the intensity by adjusting the blade, while pushing off with the sides and fronts of both heels.
Eyes gaze downward and forward, with the center of gravity balanced between the two boards;
Avoid sitting back with your hips—instead, shift your weight onto the inner front of your feet.
Hold the ski poles at hip level, relax your upper body, and lean slightly forward.

E. Plow Turn
1. Figure-Eight Turn (also known as the Plow Turn—while gliding, maintain a figure-eight shape with your snowboard, and shift your body weight to one side or increase the pushing force on one side of the board to change direction)
When performing an eight-shaped straight-line descent, the center of gravity quickly shifts toward one leg.
Apply downward pressure on the inside edge while bearing weight, then push and extend downward with added force. <BR>Maintain a stable body position, keeping the floating leg in an (figure-eight) shape.
Two (inner) edges alternately shift the center of gravity, creating an "S"-shaped gliding path.

2. Half- Turn (one board uses the 8-shaped downhill stance, while the other employs a straight downhill stance)
One board forms an "eight," one stands straight— The "eight" board supports the center of gravity.
Edge, apply pressure, and add a push-and-extend—keep the floatboard close to maintain parallelism.

3. Half Figure-Eight Continuous Turns (During the process of performing one half figure-eight turn to the left and one to the right, add an intermediate phase featuring parallel skiing on both skis.)

Practice the two methods alternately, shifting from slow to fast to vary the rhythm:
1. Continuous turning on the mountain-side panel (propelled by pushing off the outer panel of the turn)
Maintain the half-eight turning stance, with the side panel on the mountain side (left) pushing outward.
Pedal while forming a half figure-eight, then rotate the knees and press onto the inside edge to stand upright.
After completing the upward movement, relax your body and shift your center of gravity back gradually while continuing to push.
Snowboarding parallel carve, gliding into the vertical "roll-off line."
Outside (right) edge, weight transfers to the inside edge; left leg retracts, keeping the board parallel.

2. Continuous turns on the downhill side panel (propelled by pushing off the inner side panel of the turn)
After the previous turn, most of the body weight was on the left (downhill) ski.
Left edge, inside edge carving into the snow surface, with a half-eight downward side kick.
Push off, using the momentum to shift rightward (onto the board), then lift the board back and transition into an outside edge.
Place the right board flat and glide forward, while shifting your weight onto the left board as you bring it in.
Support the load while simultaneously applying the inner edge, with adjustments to aid in turning.
Turn, bend both knees forward and press upward, while slightly lowering your center of gravity.
Turn backward into a left-leaning parallel ski descent, with the right (downhill) ski bearing most of the weight.
Half-eight continuous turns often involve six common mistakes:
Pushing out, slipping—can’t get a grip; hips and shoulders keep the upper body from leaning downward (toward the mountain).
The ski poles are held far from the body; the upper body is excessively pressed outward.
Uneven body movements on the board; significant upper-body swaying during turns.

F. Oblique Descent
(Slide diagonally down the slope with a straight line)
With skis parallel, knees are slightly bent, and the knee and ankle joints tilt outward (toward the mountain).
Shoulder and hip twist downward toward the mountain, forming an inverted arch (<) shape with the body.
Shoulders, hips, and both knees are aligned almost parallel to the slope.
One-third of the structure bears the load, with double-edged blades—outer on top, inner on the bottom—embedded into the mountain.
The weight is distributed across two plates—upper and lower—with the lower plate bearing more of the load.
Step onto the board with about half a foot forward, then carve both edges into the front glide.
Hold the cane with your forearm relaxed, and gaze straight ahead about 10 meters away.
Prevent skidding and sideways sliding—keep your posture relaxed.
After slowing down, follow through with the downward pressure on the board; as you accelerate, shift your weight forward.

G. Traverse Downhill
(Snowboarding horizontally, gliding straight or diagonally along the vertical "roll-off line")
The front foot is positioned about half a foot ahead, with both feet placed close together and parallel to the board.
Position your body sideways to the "fall line," and twist your upper body downward as much as possible.
Slightly bend both legs and press outward (toward the mountain), keeping your gaze steady downward as you focus on maintaining your center of balance.
The back of the snowboard pushes downward, shifting more weight onto the rear edge.
Steering is controlled with the snowboard, while twisting your upper body helps guide the turn.
Speed control is achieved using two blades—outer on top, inner on the bottom—while gliding horizontally, they embed themselves to come to a stop.
Don't make the sideways sliding too fast—alternate it with diagonal sliding instead.
Moving sideways forward or backward: Sitting back on the hips or leaning forward with the hips.

H. Snowboard Parallel Continuous Turns
A turn performed with the two snowboards kept parallel to each other.
The stance is the same as for a parallel turn, with both skis parallel and feet close together (about 10 cm apart).
Before turning left, bend your body downward and use the left pole to press down while drawing your upper body upward.
The body moves forward and upward, shifting your center of gravity as you "lean" to the left.
Both skis simultaneously plant their left edges, with the right foot bearing the weight as the left foot lifts off.
Shift your center of gravity inward, press down with your body, tuck your knees, flip your palms, and twist your ankles inward.
Push off with the inside edge of the right blade, while the left blade (with its outside edge) helps maintain parallelism.
Turn and glide into the "fall line," then continue forward by flexing your ankles and knees.
Before turning right, bend forward at the waist, then use the right pole to press downward while drawing your upper body upward.

1. Key points of the basic movement:
Before turning, open your hip (joint) and lift your center of gravity diagonally upward.
Extend both knees upward, ensuring the hips and upper body remain still;
By leveraging the reactive force from the push-off, body weight is quickly shifted.
The weight shift should be noticeable—bear your weight while simultaneously pressing down with your body.
Simultaneously press the body while performing a knee flip (palm twist) and ankle twist, with the thumb firmly gripping the side.
Seven consecutive movements: Tap, Lead, Switch, Stand, Press, Lead, and Top.
(Stick point, pull-up, weight shift, edge stance, body press, hip lead, waist lift);
Smooth, fluid, and rhythmic, with powerful leg rotations;
Hip, knee, and ankle joints must be locked—instantly stabilizing and shaping the body's form.
Keep your snowboard firmly planted underfoot, and actively tilt your knees forward.
Leg and hip movements should be controlled to enhance the upward knee thrust and downward body pressure.
Blade size and body tilt depend on curvature and speed;
Turn without rotating the upper body; keep your shoulders and hips consistently facing downward (toward the mountain).
Don't let the turning center fall behind—cut into the mountain with your inside edge.
Extend your forearm forward parallel to the ground, with your upper arm slightly tucked in close to your chest.
Palm faces inward, locking the wrist—then press with both arm and wrist working in unison.
About a fist's distance to the outside of the chef's counter, make a downward-pointing motion—then lift immediately.

2. Key points for the big turn maneuver:
When making sharp turns, it curls into a compact shape, forming a streamlined body.
Align the outside foot with the inside shoulder, keeping both skis weighted for stability.

3. Key points for the small turning maneuver:
When making tight turns, keep a small radius and glide with both boards parallel in short arcs.
Short-arc movements come in three types, with slightly different technical details:
When the slope is moderate, the snow is good, and the terrain is flat, the movements become smooth and rhythmic.
When controlling speed on steep slopes or coming to a stop, firmly press the main board's blade upward.
During the smallest angle-of-attack turn, press the knees down in a dual-edged serpentine motion.

Four key principles for short-range movements:
The trajectory must be symmetrical left and right, firmly locking the roll-off line;
Upper body stays still—only the legs swing, with elastic pressure from both knees.
The snowshoes work together seamlessly, creating fluid and breathtaking movements.
Smooth, seamless, and rhythmic—clear distinctions between the active and passive plates.

I. Straddle Turn
(Consisting of parts such as double-board side push—single stride—side step—double-board side push, among others)
There are two types of straddling turns:
Lower board push-off, extend into upper board crossover (see Actions 1 and 2); then, from the lower board push-off, follow with an upper crossover (similar to Actions 1 and 2).
The snowboard can either stay in contact with or lift off the snow surface, depending on the situation.

Six key points for technical movements:
First, shift your weight down onto the back foot and carve into the mountain with the inside edge of the back foot.
Coordination is key when stepping, straddling, and shifting your body—time your center-of-gravity movement perfectly!
Push, step, bring back, and close—all with ease; glide gracefully while doing it.
Don't take steps that are too wide; keep your body's arching motion moderate.
Speed, center of gravity, and pole placement—these movements must be perfectly synchronized;
Watch your center of gravity—don’t let it shift backward—and make sure both boards are positioned properly.
Downward push, upward crossover move 1 (crossover followed by a turn):
When performing a parallel left-side descent, the inside edge of the right (downhill) ski supports your body.
Right (inside) edge cuts into the snow, followed by a side push and extension, while the left (mountain-side) ski steps forward and to the left.
The outer edge lands with the leg bent, while simultaneously lifting the upper body by pressing the (right) pole upward.
Left blade shifts from outside edge to inside edge, while the right blade changes to an (outside) edge—and both move together.
Press down on the left edge while turning right, shifting your center of gravity inward toward the arc (to the right).
Left inner (edge), right outer (edge) bear the weight—double boards glide parallel in a diagonal stance.
Downward push and upward crossover move 2 (upward crossover followed by a short segment of parallel double-board skiing on a slope, then turning):
When performing a parallel left-side descent, the inside edge of the right (downhill) ski supports your body.
Right (inside) edge cuts into the snow, followed by a side push and extension, while the left (mountain-side) ski steps forward and to the left.
The hip and torso simultaneously shift forward and laterally, with the outer edge landing to support the center of gravity.
Right (downhill) edge follows the body upward (left edge), with the inner edges of both skis touching the snow in parallel.
As the lower board rises upward, the center of gravity shifts slightly inward.
Maintain your upper-body posture, with both edges (outer edge on top, inner edge below) gliding parallel to the board.
Carry out parallel turns on the snowboard, following the proper techniques for each turn.

J. Jumpy Turn
(A technical maneuver that involves using the extension of your legs or leveraging the terrain to make the snowboard jump off the snow surface, followed by a directional turn.)
When finishing a turn and sliding diagonally (or straight), press your knees firmly against the mountain.
The double-edged move (upper outer, lower inner) powerfully pushes downward toward the mountain, using the reaction force to propel oneself upward.
First change direction, then land on the snow—use the momentum of your twin boards to shift, pivot, and push off.
Jump once or in succession—depending on the venue conditions.
There are two jumping techniques: full-board takeoff and backboard release.

Five key points for technical movements:
The jumping leg completes the motion—make sure your upper body remains steady!
In aerial snowboarding, keep the boards together and shift your center of gravity between them.
No matter how the jump changes, the upper body always faces downward (toward the mountain).
shifts to the ball of the front foot, with the upper body leaning forward appropriately;
Use two poles to assist with the jump, positioning the poles as close to your body as possible.

K. Five Principles of Turning
The upper body doesn’t twist along with the direction—always facing the fall line.
Adjust to the slope and keep pace—steady your center of gravity over the arch of your foot.
Keep your feet firmly planted and avoid straining your upper body;
Underneath, the snowboard supports your weight, while turning and steering come into play;
The center of gravity converges into a single point, making the movements crisp yet effortless.

L. Five Comprehensive Technical Indicators
Skiing skill levels—high or low—are assessed using five key indicators:
Speed control becomes constant—acceleration and deceleration, yours to command;
The turn follows the five principles, with smooth and stable movements;
Various technologies are used flexibly to conquer slopes and terrain;
Different snow types and surfaces call for corresponding techniques to handle them effectively;
Competitive techniques (such as edge control, gate skills, etc.) can be mastered—leveraging strengths while minimizing weaknesses to develop a unique style.